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The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of regular high intensity walking exercise on body composition and insulin resistance in middle-aged women. A total of 26 middle-aged women was classified normal (NO) and insulin resistance (IR) group based on the OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test) of the world health organization. Walking exercise was designed to energy expenditure of 500 kcal per day, with a frequence of 3 days per week for 24 weeks. First, Body composition (BMI, BF(kg), BF(%), SMI(kg/m2), VAF) and insulin resistance indices (FBG, AUC glucose) were significantly different between the two groups. But no significant differences of blood lipids, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and blood pressure were found between the two groups. Second, Both of the NO and IR groups had significant improvements in body composition (all variable), insulin resistance indices (FBI, HOMA-IR, AUC glucose), blood lipids (TC, HDLC, LDLC), CRF, blood pressure (SBP, DBP). Third, HOMA-IR were significantly correlated with BF(%), SMM(%) and Waist in all patients. And HOMA-IR were significantly correlated with BF(kg), BF(%), SMM(%) and Waist in NO group. On the other hand, HOMA-IR were significantly correlated with SMM(%) in IR group. The current findings of the study suggest that walking exercise is an effective means of improving body composition, insulin resistance indices, blood lipids, CRF and blood pressure with no group differences. And lower SMM(%) is associated with higher insulin resistance in insulin resistance states.
