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The purpose of this study was to examine the degree of successful aging and to investigate influencing factors of it in community-dwelling and institutionalized Korean elderly. Subjects were 98 institutionalized elderly and 95 community-dwelling elderly. The data was analyzed using SPSS Win 18.0 program for X2 test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression analysis. The degree of successful aging was 2.46(±0.50) and 3.09(±0.43) in institutionalized and community-dwelling elderly, respectively. The correlated factors of successful aging among institutionalized elders included depression(r= −.384, p<.001), IADL(r= −.225, p=.026), parent-child relationship(r= −.696, p<.001) and spouse relationship(r=.364, p<.001). Those of successful aging among community-dwelling elders included depression(r= −.484, p<.001), parent-child relationship(r=.429, p<.001) and spouse relationship(r=.396, p<.001). Parentchild relationship, spouse relationship and exercise were statistically significant influencing factors, explained 57.5% of successful aging in institutionalized elderly. In the cases of community-dwelling elderly, depression, parent-child relationship, spouse relationship, chronic disease and smoking were statistically significant influencing factors, explained 44.7% of successful aging. This study suggests that nursing intervention strategy considering the impact factors for successful aging in the community dwelling elderly and institutionalized elderly are needed. In particular, social support through the participation of adult children and spouses should be considered in enhancing the successful aging in Korean elderly.
