Some Semantic Differences between ‘Gippeuda’ and ‘Jeulgeopda’

This study explores the semantic differences of synonyms, ‘gippeuda’ and ‘jeulgeopda’, which are commonly used to denote ‘a pleasant emotional state’. Their semantic differences are revealed according to eight parameters. ‘Gippeuda’ and ‘jeulgeopda’ have the following differences: First, in terms of motivation, ‘gippeuda’ describes the emotion associated with the accomplishment of a wish, or when a good thing occurs by chance. ‘Jeulgeopda’, on the other hand, refers to the emotion felt during an interesting experience. Second, in terms of objects, ‘jeulgeopda’ is much wider in scope than ‘gippeuda’, its restrictions tending to be neutralized by modifiers rather than predicates. Third, in terms of physical responses, ‘gippeuda’ has a wider application, and its symptoms are more various, intense, and instantaneous than ‘jeulgeopda’. Fourth, in terms of sense organs, ‘gippeuda’ is extrovert, corresponding to ‘maeum (mind)’, while ‘jeulgeopda’ is introvert, and encompasses ‘maeum and mom(body)’ along with the sensory parts of the five sense organs. Fifth, in terms of the experiencer, participation in an antecedent incident is not necessary in the case of ‘gippeuda’, though it essential for ‘jeulgeopda’. Sixth, in terms of metaphoric aspects, ‘gippeum’ is more activating than ‘jeulgeoum’ in the source domain and the number of predicates. Seventh, in terms of parallel vocabulary, ‘gippeuda’ bears opposite, synonymous, and paraphrastic relation to ‘seulpeuda’, ‘bangapda’, and ‘yukwaehada’, while ‘jeulgeopda’ bears similar relations to ‘goeropda’, ‘jaemiitda and heugyeopda’, and ‘yukwaehada’. Eighth, in terms of case frames, ‘gippeuda’ and ‘jeulgeopda’ have subtle differences in the possibility of agent omission.