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The main components of the funeral ceremony include the funeral procedure, the mourning clothes, and the memorial service. The funeral procedure refers to programs and procedures related to the funeral ceremony. The procedures of the funeral ceremony differentiate in the intensity of mourning. Grief was designed to change in adjustment to provisions, which were concerned with moderating grief and varying its intensity so as not to hurt a mourner's nature. While Gukjooryeeui('The Five State Ceremonies') addresses the funeral ceremony and the memorial rites, it does not treat the Five Funeral Costumes(五服制). The Five Funeral Costumes are specified in detail in Gyeongukdaejeon, but the regulations were not applicable to the monarch. It was stipulated that a vassal would wear chamchoe(斬衰) for three years. Based on the understanding that all subjects of a nation were vassals to the monarch, the protocol had it that at the death of a monarch, all people of the nation wear choe costume. Therefore, the Five Funeral Costumes exempted the monarch while it applied to all the subordinate classes. The memorial rites during the mourning and funeral period are sosang(小祥 'the memorial service one year from the death of a person') and daesang(大祥 'the memorial service two years after the death of a person'). At yeongje(練祭) which is the first-anniversary memorial service, uju(虞主 'the nameplate of the deceased) expires. And this newly created nameplate is called yeonju(練主). It was supposed that the spirit of the monarch moved from uju to yeonju. After damje(禫祭) as the last part of the three-year-long mourning drew to an end, yeonju was relocated to Jongmyo(宗廟 'Royal Ancestral Shrine') during shihyang(時享 'memorial service to the tomb'). This was called bumyo(祔廟). With this, the monarch's spirit found eternal rest. While the monarch's spirit was incorporated into the new world of ancestral spirit, it also became a member of the patrilineal group, thus living the afterlife in the ceaseless exchange with the living. By the way, hyungrye(凶禮 'the funerals') of Gukjooryeeui has compositional characteristics. The composition of hyungrye is divided into four principal parts. The first is geoyeeui(擧哀儀) performed for the Chinese emperor and the second is sangjangrye(喪葬禮) performed for the nation's monarch, while the third comprises the enthronement ceremony for sawang(嗣王 'monarch as inheritor') and cheongsisasieui(請諡賜諡儀) and the fourth is composed of geoae(擧哀) and gyeonsachijeoneui(遣使 致奠儀) that a monarch performed for his relatives' sake. Of these, sangjangrye had a circular composition of displacement, transition, and integration from the perspective of a rite of passage, and performed a certain function in national integration and establishment of social order in Joseon Dynasty. The rite of passage in hyungrye(凶禮) that progresses from the displacement of gomyeong(顧命 'will') and chojong(初終) through the transition of cheonjeon(遷奠 'the ceremony preparing the delivery of the hearse') and banu(返虞 'bring home the deceased's nameplate') to the integration of bumyo is closely related to gilrye(吉禮 'the memorial services'). The enactment of hyungrye of Gukjooreeui was based on Family Rites of Zhu Xi(朱子家禮). Starting from the state funeral for Taejo, sangjangrye proceeded in accordance with the practice of Family Rites of Zhu Xi . Yet, since a three-year-long state funeral early in the dynasty was feared to destabilize the monarchical power, dansang(短喪 'an abridged version of funeral') was performed in accordance with yeokwolje(易月制). And from the state funeral for Taejo in the fourth year of Sejong, three-year mourning was regularized, enforcing five months of funeral service for regional princes of the Middle Kingdom. The monarch's jebok(除服 "changing clothes after a funeral') and a vassal's byeonbok(變服 'changing into their ordinary clothes') were regulated to a protocol, while procedural deficiencies were remedied. That way, reflecting the universal and transcendental monarchical power and its status, hyungrye (凶禮) of Gukjooryeeui reached completion.
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yeokwolje(易月制), dansang(短喪 'an abridged v ersion of funeral'), Family Rites of Zhu Xi(朱子家禮), G ukjooryeeui('The Five State Ceremonies'), hyungrye(凶禮 ' the funerals')
