이 논문은 황석영의 『바리데기』에 나타난 세계난민의 ‘이주’문제와 이로 인해 파생하는 다문화사회에 대해서 논하고자 한다. 황석영은 초기와 중기에 한국사회의 갈등의 원천이었던 남북분단과 계급갈등에서 문제의식을 가졌다가 최근에 와서 세계의 난민과 다문화사회의 이슈로 시각을 발전시키고 있다. 황석영은 이주와 다문화사회의 난점을 해결하는 비전을 한국의 서사무가 『바리데기』에서 가져오고 있다. 서사무가의 바리가 부왕의 병을 치유하기 위한 생명수를 위해 구약노정을 떠났다면 황석영의 현대판 바리는 북한의 정치적 탄압과 신자유주의적 인신매매에 의해서 해체된 가족을 떠나 중국과 영국으로 이주하게 되는 유사점과 상이점을 지니고 있다. 바리는 신자유주의적 시장의 상징인 런던에서 육체적 소비품으로 전락하여 사회적 공동체로부터 철저히 고립되고 약자로서 버림을 받는다. 바리는 서사무가의 바리가 효심으로 어려운 고통을 극복하고 부왕의 병을 치유할 생명수를 획득하는 방식과 유사하게 황석영의 바리는 할머니로 물려받은 초월적 능력으로 이웃에게 선행을 베풀어나감으로써 고립적 삶에서 소통과 연대의 관계를 창조해나간다. 바리는 봉사와 희생의 삶을 실천함으로써 완벽하게 생소한 사회에서 협력자를 얻는 긍정적 디아스포라의 모델을 보여준다. 뿐만 아니라 그녀는 파키스탄인과의 결혼을 통해서 다문화가정을 형성해나간다. 그러나 신자유주의에서 매몰된 주류사회는 이산자인 바리가 잠시 누리던 안정을 보장하지 못한다. 그녀는 순식간에 금세기의 인류의 최대 난점인 9.11 사태에 의한 종교 갈등과 전쟁에 휩싸이게 된다. 결국 이 소설의 주인공인 바리는 서사무가의 바리데기처럼 용서와 화해를 통해서 구원의 비전을 실천하고자 한다. 하지만 런던에서 일어난 테러에 대한 바리의 시점이 매우 염세적인 이유는 그녀가 주류사회와 화난 이산자들이나 다문화가정 간에 화해를 시키는데 아무런 역할도 할 수 없기 때문인 것이다.

This paper is intended to discuss the problem of emigration and the accompanying problem of multi-cultural society represented in Baridegi of Hwang Seokyoung. The novelist had his critical mind about the division of North and South and the conflict between classes which has been the origin of conflict in Korean society, and recently he developed his viewpoint by focusing on the issues of emigration and multi-cultural society. He borrows the vision to solve the difficulties of the diaspora and the multicutural society from Baridegi, Seosamuga. Bari of Seosamuga leaves a journey of seeking medicine for treating the disease of father king, whereas Bari of Hwang's modern version similarly leaves her family dissolved by the political repression of North Korea and the buying and selling of human-beings in the market of New Liberalism, to China and England. Bari comes to be degenerated into physical merchandise and to be isolated from the social community as a deserted weak being. Bari of Seosamuga can achieve the water of life, by overcoming her difficulties with her filial piety, to treat the disease of father king. In the same method, Bari of Hwang performs her good deeds to the neighbors with supernatural ability inherited from her grandmother, so that she can create the relation of communication and cooperation in her isolated life. Bari shows the positive model of the diaspora with which she can get her helpers in completely strange society by practicing the life of service and sacrifice. Also, she forms multi-cultural family through the marriage with a Pakistani. However, it leaves incomplete problem for the major society surrounded by New Liberalism, not to ensure the temporary stability that Bari enjoyed after marriage. She suddenly comes to be enveloped in the flames of religious conflict and war caused by 9, 11 terror, the biggest difficulty in this century. Conclusively Bari, the heroine of this novel, does her best to practice the vision of salvation through forgiveness and reconciliation by taking the transcendental attitude like Baridegi of Seosamuga. However, Bari's viewpoint at the terror in London seems to be very pessimistic because she cannot do anything in reconciliation between the major society and angry immigrants or multi-cultural families.

This paper is intended to discuss the problem of emigration and the accompanying problem of multi-cultural society represented in Baridegi of Hwang Seokyoung. The novelist had his critical mind about the division of North and South and the conflict between classes which has been the origin of conflict in Korean society, and recently he developed his viewpoint by focusing on the issues of emigration and multi-cultural society. He borrows the vision to solve the difficulties of the diaspora and the multicutural society from Baridegi, Seosamuga. Bari of Seosamuga leaves a journey of seeking medicine for treating the disease of father king, whereas Bari of Hwang's modern version similarly leaves her family dissolved by the political repression of North Korea and the buying and selling of human-beings in the market of New Liberalism, to China and England. Bari comes to be degenerated into physical merchandise and to be isolated from the social community as a deserted weak being. Bari of Seosamuga can achieve the water of life, by overcoming her difficulties with her filial piety, to treat the disease of father king. In the same method, Bari of Hwang performs her good deeds to the neighbors with supernatural ability inherited from her grandmother, so that she can create the relation of communication and cooperation in her isolated life. Bari shows the positive model of the diaspora with which she can get her helpers in completely strange society by practicing the life of service and sacrifice. Also, she forms multi-cultural family through the marriage with a Pakistani. However, it leaves incomplete problem for the major society surrounded by New Liberalism, not to ensure the temporary stability that Bari enjoyed after marriage. She suddenly comes to be enveloped in the flames of religious conflict and war caused by 9, 11 terror, the biggest difficulty in this century. Conclusively Bari, the heroine of this novel, does her best to practice the vision of salvation through forgiveness and reconciliation by taking the transcendental attitude like Baridegi of Seosamuga. However, Bari's viewpoint at the terror in London seems to be very pessimistic because she cannot do anything in reconciliation between the major society and angry immigrants or multi-cultural families.

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Hwang seokyoung, refugee, multicultural society, the journey of seeking medicine, dissolution of familty, emigration, new liberalism, sacrifice, service, multicultural family, 9. 11 terror, religious conflict, forgiveness, reconciliation