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This study attempts to explore the historical contexts and implications ofadopting academic department system to university of postcolonial Korea. As oneof university’s academic structures, academic department is the central buildingblock-the molecule-of the American university. It is the institutional link betweenthe university and the discipline, and the departmentalization was a product ofthe historical movement toward academic reform that produced the Americanuniversity itself. During colonial period, the high education system and academicfield of Korea were seriously affected by the Metropole, Japan. The high educationsystem and academic field of pre-war Japan have a dual system which consistsof a few of Imperial Universities-based on the chair holding system-and manypractical Colleges-based on occupational education sections-, hierarchically. Thatis to say, the high education system and academic field of colonial Korea havedifferent academic structure compared to academic department of Americanuniversity. Then, what are the consequences of adopting academic departmentsystem to university of postcolonial Korea? In this study, the historical contextsand implications of adopting academic department are examined from ahistorical-sociological perspective.