본 연구의 목적은 (범인)식별과정에서 절차에 관한 변인 및 식별과 관련된 개인차 변인이 식별의 정확성에 미치는 영향력을 검증하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 개인차 변인으로 자의식, 사회적 불안과 피암시성을 측정하였고, 식별상황에 대한 스트레스를 측정하였으며, 식별과정과 관련된 시스템 변인으로는 식별 지시(편견, 비편견)와 라인업(동시적, 순차적)을 설정하였다. 분석 결과, 편향된 지시 조건에서 스트레스가 높게 나타났고, 피암시성이 높은 집단의 정확률이 낮게 나타났으며, 사회적 불안이 높은 사람들에게 편향된 지시를했을 때, 정확률이 현저히 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 식별 후 확신감이 높은 집단이 정확률 또한 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 심리학 분야에서의 기억과 목격자 증언에 대한 이론적, 실용적 시사점과 법 및 범죄 관련 분야로의 시사점을 논하였다.

The goal of this study was to test effect of individual differences and system variables on identification accuracy. We measured self-consciousness, social anxiety, suggestibility, evaluation of stress under identification situation as individual differences and manipulated biased/unbiased instruction and simultaneous/sequential lineup presentations as system variables. The results showed that subjects experienced much stress under biased instruction. The more who were suggestible at instruction, the lower at identification accuracy. In addition, when the subjects who were high on social anxiety received biased instruction, they were low on identification accuracy. The results also indicated that the subjects who were confident after identification were more likely to be higher on identification accuracy.

The goal of this study was to test effect of individual differences and system variables on identification accuracy. We measured self-consciousness, social anxiety, suggestibility, evaluation of stress under identification situation as individual differences and manipulated biased/unbiased instruction and simultaneous/sequential lineup presentations as system variables. The results showed that subjects experienced much stress under biased instruction. The more who were suggestible at instruction, the lower at identification accuracy. In addition, when the subjects who were high on social anxiety received biased instruction, they were low on identification accuracy. The results also indicated that the subjects who were confident after identification were more likely to be higher on identification accuracy.

Identification, Accuracy, System Variables, Individual Differences, Situation