1940년대에 전개된 경호 활동은 오늘날 한국 내 경호 인식의 정착에 기반이 되었다. 이에 일제 ․ 광복 ․ 정부수립의 시대적 변화와 함께했던 1940년대 경호사의 새로운 사실들을 네 가지 측면으로 살펴보았다. 첫째, 광복 이전의 ‘경방단’은 일본경찰의 보조기관으로서 전시동원 체제구축과 대중통제 등을 위해 경호단 ․ 소방단 ․ 수방단의 통합체로 활용되었는데, 그 중에서도 경호단의 역할이 가장 큰 비중을 차지했다. 둘째, 경찰업무로서 경호의 등장은 광복 이전에 임시정부의 경위대가 김구를 경호했으며, 광복 이후에는 경찰이 요인테러에 대비하여 고위층의 경호를 담당했던 것에서 나타난다. 셋째, 광복 이전의 경호원들은 대중들에게 강한 책임감과 정신력을 가진 존재로 부각되었으며, 정부수립 이후에 등장한 개인 경호원은 총기소지가 가능한 상태에서 고위층의 신변보호에 필수적인 역할을 하였다. 넷째, 이승만 대통령의 경호대장이었던 남도부는 경호를 매개로 자신의 사상이나 이념을 표출하고자 했다. 그리고 당시 제1공화국에서 갖고 있었던 경호의 필요성과 중요성에 대한 인식은 정부수립 직후에 이루어진 ‘경호규정’의 공포를 통해 드러나게 되었다. 결론적으로, 1940년대 한국사의 이념적인 혼란은 경호사에서도 어김없이 투영되었다. 이는 경호를 필요로 하는 주체의 신분이나 이념적인 성향에 따라 당시의 경호 활동이 반일 ․친일 ․ 반공 ․ 친공 등을 비롯하여 우익 ․ 좌익과 관련된 활동으로 평가된 것에서 나타난다. 즉, 기득권 세력의 사상에 의해서 경호의 활용도가 달라졌던 점을 통해, 1940년대에 혼란스러웠던 한국사의 시대적 배경이 경호사에서도 그대로 반영되었음을 알 수 있다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate about security service history in the 1940s. In 1940s, Korea was changed suddenly such as Japan‘s colonial rule until 1945, after the restoration of independence, and the establishment of the government in 1948. This study used materials by historical facts for the regulations, books and newspapers about 1940s. There are four parts conclusion of this study. Firstly, the auxiliary institution of Japanese police force organized the Security Defense Agency(警防團) before the restoration of independence. There were affiliated bodies with Security Service Agency (警護團), Fire Fighting Agency(消防團) and Prevention of Floods Agency(水防 團) for protect government and public security. Secondly, Security Guard Group(警衛隊) take charged of the security service for Kim Gu, who was the leader of Korean provisional government in Manchuria. Security service appeared as police activities for public security after the independence in 1945. And that time to accomplish the security service as duty of police for key figures were related in opposition to terrorist attacks. Thirdly, variety security service groups(警護隊) were appeared with a strong sense of responsibility, it was judged the affirmative perception about security service agents from 1940s to present. And, negative influence was a boundary formation about security service which was security service applied only for the privileged class up to now. Fourthly, the Security Service Regulations(警 護規程) were adopted and promulgated a law about security service. The treaty which consists of 25articles were confirmed December 29, 1949 in the Ministry of Home Affairs.

The purpose of this study is to investigate about security service history in the 1940s. In 1940s, Korea was changed suddenly such as Japan‘s colonial rule until 1945, after the restoration of independence, and the establishment of the government in 1948. This study used materials by historical facts for the regulations, books and newspapers about 1940s. There are four parts conclusion of this study. Firstly, the auxiliary institution of Japanese police force organized the Security Defense Agency(警防團) before the restoration of independence. There were affiliated bodies with Security Service Agency (警護團), Fire Fighting Agency(消防團) and Prevention of Floods Agency(水防 團) for protect government and public security. Secondly, Security Guard Group(警衛隊) take charged of the security service for Kim Gu, who was the leader of Korean provisional government in Manchuria. Security service appeared as police activities for public security after the independence in 1945. And that time to accomplish the security service as duty of police for key figures were related in opposition to terrorist attacks. Thirdly, variety security service groups(警護隊) were appeared with a strong sense of responsibility, it was judged the affirmative perception about security service agents from 1940s to present. And, negative influence was a boundary formation about security service which was security service applied only for the privileged class up to now. Fourthly, the Security Service Regulations(警 護規程) were adopted and promulgated a law about security service. The treaty which consists of 25articles were confirmed December 29, 1949 in the Ministry of Home Affairs.

Security Service History, Security Service Agency, Security Service Regulations, Establishment of the Government, 1940s.