본 연구는 한국과 미국의 대학간의 그리고 특히 교육중심 여자사립대학간의 재정규모 및 운영구조를 면밀히 비교하여 그 차이점을 명확히 드러냄으로써 한국 사립대학의 재정이 어느 정도 취약하며 주요한 문제점이 어느 부분에 있는지를 분석 제시함으로써 ‘대학설립운영규정’에서 대학 교원 1인당 학생수를 약 20명으로 규정하는 기준이 한국 대학의 경제적·사회적 현실에 비추어 매우 비현실적임을 밝혔다.

The purpose of this study is to suggest effective financial policy for Korean universities, through comparison of educational finance between Korean and American universities. Compare to American universities, Korean universities have very low percentage of government grants, private gifts and investment return among operating revenue. In this financial situation, Korean universities heavily depend on income from student tuition and fees, and expend high proportion for faculty salary among operating expenditure. Compare to Korean universities, the actual amount of tuition and fees of American universities is higher. However, because of high rate of investment return, high private gifts, and low rate of faculty salary, expenditure per student including financial aid is very high in American universities. Conclusively, compare to American universities, the financial structure of Korean universities is incomparably poor. Nevertheless, the Korean Ministry of Education presses universities to follow ideal faculty student ratio provided in the laws that is modeled on that of American universities. This policy is away from the reality of Korean higher educational finance. If we want to pursue ideal faculty student ratio as American universities, we should change our university's administrative and financial system as American universities. Now it is the time to do bench-marking of the successful investment policy and fund raising of wealthy American universities as examined in this study.

The purpose of this study is to suggest effective financial policy for Korean universities, through comparison of educational finance between Korean and American universities. Compare to American universities, Korean universities have very low percentage of government grants, private gifts and investment return among operating revenue. In this financial situation, Korean universities heavily depend on income from student tuition and fees, and expend high proportion for faculty salary among operating expenditure. Compare to Korean universities, the actual amount of tuition and fees of American universities is higher. However, because of high rate of investment return, high private gifts, and low rate of faculty salary, expenditure per student including financial aid is very high in American universities. Conclusively, compare to American universities, the financial structure of Korean universities is incomparably poor. Nevertheless, the Korean Ministry of Education presses universities to follow ideal faculty student ratio provided in the laws that is modeled on that of American universities. This policy is away from the reality of Korean higher educational finance. If we want to pursue ideal faculty student ratio as American universities, we should change our university's administrative and financial system as American universities. Now it is the time to do bench-marking of the successful investment policy and fund raising of wealthy American universities as examined in this study.

higher educational finance, tuition policy, faculty salary, faculty student ratio