본 연구는 초등학교, 중학교, 그리고 고등학교 학교급에 따라 학교장의 거래적 지도성과 변혁적 지도성이 교사의 내적 동기를 매개로 학교조직효과성에 미치는 영향관계를 분석하고자 하였다. 학교급별로 지도성의 효과를 분석하여 거래적 지도성과 변혁적 지도성의 영향 관계를 집단별로 심도 있게 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 서울과 경기도에 소재하는 초등학교, 중학교, 고등학교 각 10개교씩을 대상으로 총 1036부 중 904부가 회수되어 구조방정식 모형으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 초등학교의 경우, 거래적 지도성은 매개변인인 교사의 내적 동기에 유의미한 영향 관계가 발견되지 않았으나 변혁적 지도성은 교사의 내적 동기에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 한편 거래적 지도성과 변혁적 지도성 모두 학교조직효과성에 직접효과가 발견되었다. 둘째, 중학교의 경우, 거래적 지도성과 변혁적 지도성 모두 학교조직효과성에 직접효과는 있으나 두 지도성 모두 교사의 내적 동기에 미치는 경로는 유의미하지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 고등학교의 경우, 거래적 지도성과 변혁적 지도성 모두 학교조직효과성에 직접적으로 영향을 미치면서 동시에 교사의 내적동기에 영향을 미쳐서 이를 매개로 학교조직효과성에 간접적으로도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze structural effects of the principal’s transactional & transformational leadership on the school organizational effectiveness through teacher’s intrinsic motivation, in primary, middle and high schools. The effect of transactional & transformational leadership were compared among school levels. For this study, a total of 1,036 questionnaires were distributed to each 10 groups of schools and 904 questionnaires were responded and analyzed using structural equation modeling method. The research findings were as follow. First, there was a direct effect of transformational leadership on the teacher’s intrinsic motivation in primary school, while the transactional leadership was not found to affect the teacher’s intrinsic motivation. Second, in middle school, both leaderships were found to be related to the school organizational effectiveness, but their influence to the teacher’s intrinsic motivation were not significant. Third, in high school, it was found that both leaderships directly affect the school organizational effectiveness and indirectly affect it through influencing the teacher’s motivation as well.

The purpose of this study is to analyze structural effects of the principal’s transactional & transformational leadership on the school organizational effectiveness through teacher’s intrinsic motivation, in primary, middle and high schools. The effect of transactional & transformational leadership were compared among school levels. For this study, a total of 1,036 questionnaires were distributed to each 10 groups of schools and 904 questionnaires were responded and analyzed using structural equation modeling method. The research findings were as follow. First, there was a direct effect of transformational leadership on the teacher’s intrinsic motivation in primary school, while the transactional leadership was not found to affect the teacher’s intrinsic motivation. Second, in middle school, both leaderships were found to be related to the school organizational effectiveness, but their influence to the teacher’s intrinsic motivation were not significant. Third, in high school, it was found that both leaderships directly affect the school organizational effectiveness and indirectly affect it through influencing the teacher’s motivation as well.

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Transactional Leadership, Transformational Leadership, Intrinsic Motivation, School Organizational Effectiveness, Structural Equation Modeling