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This paper examines the description of the phonological system of Korean in the textbook Reading and Grammar, and suggests some ways for improvement of the textbook. It analyzes the format, terms and contents of the textbook and presents the problems and the possible solutions to them. The main suggestions are as below. Firstly, it is necessary to present a balanced view of the standard pronunciation and the real pronunciation in the textbook. Secondly, if more than one term are generally used for a certain concept throughout school grammar, scientific grammar and language norms then all of them should be presented in the textbook. Thirdly, the phonological identity of /h/ has to be established from the direction that the phonetic and phonological motivations of h-deletion and aspiration can be explained. Fourthly, the ways of description of ‘vowel contraction’ as a ‘phonemic contraction’ should be unified in all versions of the textbook, and the appropriate examples should be presented. Fifthly, the suprasegmentals such as length, tone and intonation need to be presented in the textbook with the mention about the regional and generational differences of them.