Kim Dong-In and the Formation of Modern Korean Literature: A Study of Changjo Lee, Kyoung-hoon* Kim Dong-In`s Changjo was published without any regard to the March First Movement or the cultural policy of Japanese empire. On the contrary, Changjo made efforts to abstract and liberate the individual and literature from the totalizing movements that reduced everything to nation. Therefore, the‘we' of Changjo differs from the plural first person“we" argued by Yi Gwang-Su. This is because the associates of Changjo competed literarily and anguished individually instead of sympathizing with the nation and cultivating themselves morally. Their activities contributed to the organization of autonomous literary criteria and the universal validity of literature beyond the external supplements to literature that had been conducted in the name of nation and community. Further, Changjo institutionalized the world of literature by establishing the historicity of a specialty literary department through and in relation to Yi Gwang-Su. Meanwhile, Kim Dong-In was eager to constitute literature and society positively and sadistically by the method of "self", using "puppet manipulation" freely as the subject of presentation, expression and organization. It is contrasted with the masochistic resistance of nation. Kim Dong-In, wanting to leap from the individual to the world, sought contaminated and translated modern literature instead of the pure national literature emphasized by Yi Gwang-Su. By a universal method of individualized modern literature, Kim Dong-In began explicity to objectify the nation in modern society.

Kim Dong-In and the Formation of Modern Korean Literature: A Study of Changjo Lee, Kyoung-hoon* Kim Dong-In`s Changjo was published without any regard to the March First Movement or the cultural policy of Japanese empire. On the contrary, Changjo made efforts to abstract and liberate the individual and literature from the totalizing movements that reduced everything to nation. Therefore, the‘we' of Changjo differs from the plural first person“we" argued by Yi Gwang-Su. This is because the associates of Changjo competed literarily and anguished individually instead of sympathizing with the nation and cultivating themselves morally. Their activities contributed to the organization of autonomous literary criteria and the universal validity of literature beyond the external supplements to literature that had been conducted in the name of nation and community. Further, Changjo institutionalized the world of literature by establishing the historicity of a specialty literary department through and in relation to Yi Gwang-Su. Meanwhile, Kim Dong-In was eager to constitute literature and society positively and sadistically by the method of "self", using "puppet manipulation" freely as the subject of presentation, expression and organization. It is contrasted with the masochistic resistance of nation. Kim Dong-In, wanting to leap from the individual to the world, sought contaminated and translated modern literature instead of the pure national literature emphasized by Yi Gwang-Su. By a universal method of individualized modern literature, Kim Dong-In began explicity to objectify the nation in modern society.

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Changjo, Kim Dong-In, literature, Yi Gwang-Su, puppet manipulation.