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The multipolar, dynamic and heterogeneous Mediterranean area is anobject of analysis in different disciplines. The French historian FernandBraudel developed one of the most comprehensive scientific approaches,defining the Mediterranean as a space of unity and coherence, with along-term continuity (longue durée). Studies in political science, especially ininternational relations (IR), have been limited to debates between schools ofthought, explaining global challenges, or using local case studies fortheoretical testing. Work in area studies has been reduced to (comparative)analysis of local specificities. The fundamental changes within the societies ofthe Southern and Eastern Mediterranean provoked by the uprisings since theend of 2010 call for new scientific approaches in Mediterranean Studies. Bycombining IR and area studies, and by simultaneously analysing large-scaledevelopments (macro) and smaller, local, sub-regional developments (micro),we can not only explore the interdisciplinary dynamics in social sciences, butalso place the Mediterranean area within the international system, and deepenour knowledge about its specificities at the same time.