본 논문에서는 조선시대 재지사족의 존재양상에 대한 사례연구의 일환으로 慶尙道 高靈縣 桃津과 그 인근에 世居하며, 재지사족으로서의 지위를 지속시켰던 高靈朴氏 少尹公派의 사회･경제적 기반과 향촌사회활동을 살펴보았다. 이 가문은 世祖 연간 原從功臣을 배출시킴으로써 크게 성장하였고, 南冥學派와의 교유를 통해 학문적 배경을 확보하였다. 임진왜란 때에는 다수의 의병장을 배출시켰으며, 17세기 초반에는 大北정권의 전면에서 활동하였다. 그러나 仁祖反正의 여파로 가문의 위세가 위축되어 이후에는 주로 재지사족으로서의 지위를 유지하기 위한 각종 향촌사회활동에 주력하게 되었다. 이러한 양상은 경제적 규모의 추이를 통해서도 확인된다. 분재기에서 확인되듯이 16세기 중반 이 가문의 재산 규모는 당대 영남을 대표하던 사림가문에 결코 뒤지지 않는 규모로, 이는 후손들이 번창하여 후대에 分派하는데 중요한 경제적 기반이 되었다. 그러나 인조반정이라는 정치적 여파로 이 가문의 재산증식은 위축되었고, 18세기 이후에는 중소지주로서의 경제적 규모를 유지하게 된다. 고령박씨 소윤공파의 향촌사회활동은 鄕案 입록, 文淵書院 건립, 宗契 조직을 통해 살펴 볼 수 있다. 17세기 전후 이 가문은 『高靈鄕案』에 다수를 입록시키며 고령 지역 鄕權을 주도할 수 있었으나, 인조반정으로 가문의 지위가 위축됨으로써 한동안 향안 입록에서 배제될 수밖에 없었다. 17세기 후반부터 향안 입록이 다시 재개되었으나, 이때는 조선후기 사회･경제적 변화에 따라 향안을 중심으로 한 향촌사회 질서가 해체되어 가던 시기였다. 이에 재지사족들은 개별 문중 단위의 향촌사회활동을 전개하며, 일족 간 결속력 강화를 도모하였고 이를 매개로 향촌 내에서의 사회적 지위를 유지하려 했다. 19세기 이후 고령박씨 소윤공파가 자신들의 顯祖를 배향하는 문연서원의 운영을 주도하게 되고, 宗契를 조직하며 공동자금을 형성하게 된 것도 이러한 사회사적 배경에서 비롯된 것이다.

This article is part of case study on the existing aspects of jaejisajok (在地士族) in Joseon Period. This paper examines the socio-economic foundation and rural social activities of Soyunkong Sub-lineage of the Park’s Family of Goryeong who maintained their status as jaejisajok living for generations in Dojin and nearby area of Goryeong-hyeon of Gyeongsang-do. This family grew greatly bearing Wonjonggongsin (原從功臣) during the years of King Sejo (世祖) and secured academic background associating with Nammyeong School (南冥學派). Although the family bore numerous generals of the Righteous Armies during Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 (壬辰倭亂) and was deeply involved in the government to the North, its power was reduced for Injobanjeong (仁祖反正) and then mainly focused on all sorts rural social activities to maintain the status as jaejisajok. This aspect can also be seen from the changes of the economic scale. The scale of properties found from the Boonjaegi of this family during the mid-16th century was not any behind that of the Sarim family that represented Yeongnam for that time, and it became the crucial economic foundation with which their descendants could prosper and form factions later. However, the political aftereffect called as Injobanjeong constricted the family’s property increase, and after the 18th century, it maintained its economic scale as small and medium landowners. The rural activities of Soyunkong Sub-lineage of the Park’s Family of Goryeong can be found through registration to Hyangan (鄕案), foundation of Munyun Seowon (文淵書院), and operation of Jonggye (宗契). Although this family could register many to 『Goryeong Hyangan (高靈鄕案)』 before and after the 17th century and led the rural power around Goryeong, Injobanjeong constricted the status of the family and its registration to Hyangan was excluded for a while. Registration to Hyangan started again from the late 15th century, but it was the time that the order of rural society centering around Hyangan was dismantled according to the social and economic changes in late Joseon. Thus, the jaejisajok developed their rural social activities in the unit of individual Munjung to enhance the solidarity of their clan, and taking this as a medium, they tried to maintain their social status in the country. After the 19th century, Soyunkong Sub-lineage of the Park’s Family of Goryeong initiated the operation of Munyeonseowon (文淵書院) worshiping their wise ancestors and formed Jongkye (宗契) to build the common fund, and all were originated from that social background.

This article is part of case study on the existing aspects of jaejisajok (在地士族) in Joseon Period. This paper examines the socio-economic foundation and rural social activities of Soyunkong Sub-lineage of the Park’s Family of Goryeong who maintained their status as jaejisajok living for generations in Dojin and nearby area of Goryeong-hyeon of Gyeongsang-do. This family grew greatly bearing Wonjonggongsin (原從功臣) during the years of King Sejo (世祖) and secured academic background associating with Nammyeong School (南冥學派). Although the family bore numerous generals of the Righteous Armies during Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 (壬辰倭亂) and was deeply involved in the government to the North, its power was reduced for Injobanjeong (仁祖反正) and then mainly focused on all sorts rural social activities to maintain the status as jaejisajok. This aspect can also be seen from the changes of the economic scale. The scale of properties found from the Boonjaegi of this family during the mid-16th century was not any behind that of the Sarim family that represented Yeongnam for that time, and it became the crucial economic foundation with which their descendants could prosper and form factions later. However, the political aftereffect called as Injobanjeong constricted the family’s property increase, and after the 18th century, it maintained its economic scale as small and medium landowners. The rural activities of Soyunkong Sub-lineage of the Park’s Family of Goryeong can be found through registration to Hyangan (鄕案), foundation of Munyun Seowon (文淵書院), and operation of Jonggye (宗契). Although this family could register many to 『Goryeong Hyangan (高靈鄕案)』 before and after the 17th century and led the rural power around Goryeong, Injobanjeong constricted the status of the family and its registration to Hyangan was excluded for a while. Registration to Hyangan started again from the late 15th century, but it was the time that the order of rural society centering around Hyangan was dismantled according to the social and economic changes in late Joseon. Thus, the jaejisajok developed their rural social activities in the unit of individual Munjung to enhance the solidarity of their clan, and taking this as a medium, they tried to maintain their social status in the country. After the 19th century, Soyunkong Sub-lineage of the Park’s Family of Goryeong initiated the operation of Munyeonseowon (文淵書院) worshiping their wise ancestors and formed Jongkye (宗契) to build the common fund, and all were originated from that social background.

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The Park,s Family of Goryeong(高靈朴氏), Soyunkong Sub-lineage(少尹公派), Boonjaegi(分財記), Goryeong Hyangan(高靈鄕案), Munyun Seowon(文淵書院), Jongkye(宗契)