이 글에서는 미륵사 사리기의 문장을 통하여 백제 변려문의 발전과정을 살펴보고자 했다. 이 작업을 위해 미륵사 사리기의 내용을 검토했고 그 결과 내용과 구성을 통해서 본 미륵사 사리기의 특징도 발견할 수 있었다. 미륵사 사리기는 왕비에 대한 공덕칭송과 왕비를 위한 발원을 중심으로 이루어져 있다. 왕비에 대한 발원은‘ 여성 성불’을 추구하는 내용으로서 불교적 이상세계의 구현 을 지향한다. 백제 변려문은 몇가지 발전단계를 거친다. 개로왕대의 조위상표문에는 4+4字句, 5+5字句, 6+6字句, 8+8字句 등의 다양한 문체가 섞여 있으며 사륙변려체 문장은 담고 있지 않다. 미륵사 사리기의 변려문에서는 현재까지의 자료로 보아 백제 문학사상 최초라고 말할 수 있는 사 륙문이 나타난다. 이러한 발전단계별 특징을 통해 백제 변려문의 발전과정은 다음과 같이 나눌 수 있다. 제1단계: 初期 短文段階 (온조왕대~근구수왕대) [기원전후~4세기 후반] 제2단계: 韻律 混用段階 (蓋鹵王代의 朝魏上表文) [472년] 제3단계: 四六律 定着段階 (미륵사 사리봉안기) [639년] 제4단계: 最盛期 定型化段階 (사택지적당탑비) [654년]

Miruk temple sarira stupa tablet is made up by eulogy of public morality and a prayer for queen. A prayer for queen is for a women’s attaining in Buddhahood and they pursuit toward an ideal of Buddist. Baekje Byunryeamun(騈儷文) developed through several stage. There is various type of Byunreamun in Jowisangfyomun(朝魏上表文) under the reign of the king Gaero. In that stage, the types are 4+4 letter type, 5+5 letter type, 6+6 letter type, 8+8 letter type. But, we can not find 4+6 letter type that is near completion in that stage. We can see the 4+6 letter type Byunryeomun(四六騈儷文) in miruk temple’s sarira stupa tablet. Judging from the previous data, the 4+6 letter type Byunryeomun would be told as the first one in the history of Baekje’s literature. From these facts, we can find that Beakje Byunryeomun through several development stage. The first stage is a short sentence stage in the early period. Under the reign of King Onjo ~ Under the reign of King Gungusu (Before and behind of the Christian Era ~ The later half of forth century) The second stage is mix of rhythm stage. Jowisangfyomun (朝魏上表文) in the reign of King Gaero (472) The third stage is four-six rhythm settlement stage. Miruk temple Sarira tablet (639) The fourth stage is the golden age, standardization stage. Sathekjijeokbi (654)

Miruk temple sarira stupa tablet is made up by eulogy of public morality and a prayer for queen. A prayer for queen is for a women’s attaining in Buddhahood and they pursuit toward an ideal of Buddist. Baekje Byunryeamun(騈儷文) developed through several stage. There is various type of Byunreamun in Jowisangfyomun(朝魏上表文) under the reign of the king Gaero. In that stage, the types are 4+4 letter type, 5+5 letter type, 6+6 letter type, 8+8 letter type. But, we can not find 4+6 letter type that is near completion in that stage. We can see the 4+6 letter type Byunryeomun(四六騈儷文) in miruk temple’s sarira stupa tablet. Judging from the previous data, the 4+6 letter type Byunryeomun would be told as the first one in the history of Baekje’s literature. From these facts, we can find that Beakje Byunryeomun through several development stage. The first stage is a short sentence stage in the early period. Under the reign of King Onjo ~ Under the reign of King Gungusu (Before and behind of the Christian Era ~ The later half of forth century) The second stage is mix of rhythm stage. Jowisangfyomun (朝魏上表文) in the reign of King Gaero (472) The third stage is four-six rhythm settlement stage. Miruk temple Sarira tablet (639) The fourth stage is the golden age, standardization stage. Sathekjijeokbi (654)

4+6 letter type Byunryeomun, Miruk temple sarira stupa tablet, Baekje’s Chinese literature