본 연구는 청소년의 중도탈락과정과 중퇴 이후의 적응과정을 알아보고 사회적 맥락의 수준에서 학교중도탈락에 대한 심층적인 이해를 도모하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 중․고등학교 중도탈락 청소년 6명을 대상으로 예비면접, 주제보자와의 심층면접 및 참여관찰을 통한 문화기술적 연구방법을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 살펴보면 중퇴와 관련된 다양한 변인들이 학생의 중퇴 결정과정에 영향을 주고 있다는 사실을 발견하였다. 또한 중도탈락 청소년을 짤린 청소년과 때려친 청소년으로 유형화하여 중도탈락 과정을 살펴보았고, 중도탈락이후의 삶의 적응과정을 중도탈락 유형에 따라 정착형과 비정착형으로 구분하여 살펴보았다. 학교중도탈락 과정의 위기적 사건 또는 결정적 계기, 기질, 강화, 촉친, 종결의 구조적 요인이 복합적으로 작용하는 과정을 거쳐 학교중도탈락에 이르는 과정을 분석하였다. 학교중도탈락 청소년의 사회적 맥락을 살펴보면, 양육태도: 방임적 양육태도, 교사의 지지부족: 무책임한 교사, 또래집단과의 비동질성: “애들이 싫어하는데요”, 유해환경에 노출, 청소년 지지 환경 부족: 상담교사의 의미적 부재의 구조적 요인을 파악할 수 있다.

This study aimed at exploring the process of adolescents' dropout from school and social adaptation, and better understanding dropout from the social context. Employing an ethnographic research method, the study carried out a pre-interview, in-depth interview with main subjects, and participant observation with 6 adolescents dropout from middle and high schools. The research results showed that various variables were involved in the adolescents' decision making process of dropout from school. The dropout adolescents were divided into the two categories: those who voluntarily dropout from school and those who were forced to dropout from school. The process of social adaptation after dropout was categorized into settlement type and unsettlement one on the basis of the two dropout categories. Dropout was an outcome of the complex process of structural factors which consisted of a critical moment or crisis, personality, reenforcement, promotion and conclusion. From the perspectives of social context, the structural factors of dropout included non-interventionist parenting styles, irresponsible teachers, exclusion of the peer, exposure to harmful social environment, lack of social support and counseling teachers.

This study aimed at exploring the process of adolescents' dropout from school and social adaptation, and better understanding dropout from the social context. Employing an ethnographic research method, the study carried out a pre-interview, in-depth interview with main subjects, and participant observation with 6 adolescents dropout from middle and high schools. The research results showed that various variables were involved in the adolescents' decision making process of dropout from school. The dropout adolescents were divided into the two categories: those who voluntarily dropout from school and those who were forced to dropout from school. The process of social adaptation after dropout was categorized into settlement type and unsettlement one on the basis of the two dropout categories. Dropout was an outcome of the complex process of structural factors which consisted of a critical moment or crisis, personality, reenforcement, promotion and conclusion. From the perspectives of social context, the structural factors of dropout included non-interventionist parenting styles, irresponsible teachers, exclusion of the peer, exposure to harmful social environment, lack of social support and counseling teachers.

Adolescents' Dropout from School, Process of Dropout, Process of Social Adaptation, Ethnography, Qualitative Research