초록 열기/닫기 버튼
행정절차는 적법한 행정행위를 담보한다. 그 연장선상에서 행정절차법은 원칙적으로 행정청이 처분을 하는 때에는 당사자에게 그 근거와 이유를 제시하도록 규정하여 이유제시를 의무화하고 있다. 이는 행정청의 자의적 결정을 배제하고 당사자로 하여금 행정구제절차에 적절히 대처할 수 있도록 하는 데 그 취지가 있으므로, 이유제시의 정도는 원칙적으로 처분서의 기재 자체로 사실적·법적 근거가 명확하고 구체적으로 제시되어야 할 것이다. 보건의료 행정 분야 역시 원칙적으로 처분서의 기재 자체로 사실적·법적 근거가 명확하고 구체적으로 제시되어야 할 것이나, 다만 이유제시의 취지 및 기능은 물론 행정절차법 등 관계 법령, 당해 처분의 성질, 처분의 경과과정, 보건의료 관련법 영역의 특수성, 개별사안의 구체적 상황 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 각각의 구체적인 상황에 따라 적정히 판단하여야 할 것이다. 보건의료 행정 분야는 그 특성상 당해 처분에 이르기까지의 전체적인 과정으로써 처분 당시 당사자가 어떠한 근거와 이유로 처분이 이루어진 것인지를 충분히 알 수 있게 되어, 그 결과 보건의료 행정처분의 이유제시 사안이 일반 행정처분의 이유제시 사안에 비하여 행정절차법 제23조 제1항 위반이 될 가능성이 낮음을 알 수 있다. 이에 이러한 보건의료 행정처분의 이유제시 관련 특수성에 비추어 법정책적 개선방안을 적극적으로 고려할 필요성이 요구된다.
The degree of explanation on administrative dispositions in the health and medical treatment area must be clear and specific in terms of their factual and legal grounds, in principle. However, such a degree must be properly decided depending on specific circumstances in each case by comprehensively taking into account: the purpose and function of delivery of the grounds for administrative dispositions; nature of relevant laws such as the Administrative Procedures Act and disposition at issue, process of disposition, distinct characteristics of relevant area of laws, and specific circumstances of each case. The peculiar aspects of health and medical treatment administration are: additional processes as a preliminary procedure including on-site investigations exist; and, due to the distinct characteristics of the area of laws relevant to health and medical treatment, either several administrative dispositions are prescribed against a single violation, or both administrative disposition and criminal disposition are prescribed against a single violation, which leads to the undertaking of a relevant administrative case or a criminal case against the parties is gone through in advance or at the same time. The series of the whole process up to an administrative disposition allow the parties to be well aware of the grounds and reasons for that disposition. Thus these peculiar aspects of health and medical treatment administration, functions to lower the possibilities of violation of obligation of administrative agencies to deliver the reasons and grounds for administrative disposition, compared to other general administrative disposition. In light of these peculiar aspects of health and medical treatment administration in terms of the explanation of grounds for administrative disposition, the following plan for legal policies improvement is required: first, the construction of legal theory in which the contents of the procedure of a precedent administrative or criminal case functions as the base for a decision on whether or not the reasons for disposition must be specifically explained in its following administrative case. It must be limited only to the cases where the same parties are in both of the preceding administrative or criminal case and its following administrative case; second, as a plan for administrative practice, a prior notice requirement for on-site investigation must be strengthened and unreasonable collection of a confirmation letter from such on-site investigation made in administrative practice should be avoided. In addition, it is required to vitalize the Deliberation Commission of Administrative Disposition against medical professionals violating relevant laws. For the case where the defendant of the precedent criminal case is just a 3rd party – not the party concerned - of following administrative case, the list of crimes from the precedent criminal case should not be affirmed in its following administrative case. In addition, practical guidelines on the explanation of reasons for disposition must be prepared and intensive practical training courses should be provided; and, third, it is necessary for active discussions about adoption of a prescription system for administrative dispositions as a legislative plan.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
health and medical, administrative penalties, declaration of reasons, investigations, prescription system
