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This paper mainly intends to analyze the critical discussion between Max L. Stackhouse and Stanley Hauerwas who are the two of the leading Christian ethicists for today. While the former has been the main figure of public theology, the latter has focused on a so-called ecclesial ethic. According to Stackhouse, Christian theology must be a public theology in two senses. First, a public theology becomes an apologetics because theology must engage the conversation with the other fields of science and even with other religions. Second, a public theology has to be a social ethic seeking for the first principles which are universal. Unlike Stackhouse, Hauerwas argues that theology begins from the Church and ends in the Church. Thus, his motto is “let the church be the church.” This claim mainly means that the church must be an alternative community of nonviolence to the world full of violence and war. For Stackhouse, Hauerwas’s ecclesial ethic results in a sectarian theology mainly for two reasons. First, his ecclesial ethic becomes theology without common reason because it only focuses on the church. Second, it overlooks the fact that God is the lord both of the church and the world. According to Hauerwas, on the while, Stackhouse’s public theology becomes a liberal theology which serves the world, losing its own distinct voice. The paper comes to a conclusion that the church needs the sensitiveness both to its public responsibility and its ecclesial identity.