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The starting point of this study is Renan’s idea that forgetting is a crucial factor in the creation of a nation and the basis of national identity is not memory but amnesia. This study investigates the above issue focusing on the way how the monarch tries to control historical memory to answer traumatic loss and establish national unity in Shakespeare’s King Henry IV, Part I. At the time when England was suffering from the memory of civil war and the history of bloodshed on which Henry’s crown was founded, Percy’s rebellion reminds King of repaying his debt to the rebels. Therefore, in Henry IV, Part 1, remembering the past is dangerous since it encourages the rebellion and historical memory becomes a threat to the cause of unity. This drama depicts the monarch who needs to suppress memories of the past in order to maintain his own power and consolidate the nationhood. In addition, the rebel alliance in Henry IV, Part I is connected to the Welsh resistance and reminds the audience of the coalition of families against the English rule in Ireland. Finally, through domesticating the Welsh rebel leader and marginalizing women, King Henry IV, Part I reflects the wish fulfillment of suppressing rebellion in Ireland.