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This article discusses the Belarusian case of post-communist development and the role of not only ethnic, but also ‘transnational’ nationalism in Belarus’ state building process. But many european discourses conceptualizes Belarus as a “nonexistent” or “undeveloped” nation. This article argues against these traditional scholarly paradigm of nationalism and configures the characteristics of Belarusian nationalism.Much current discussion of Belarus focuses on the contest between the “Soviet” understanding of the nation propagated by the authoritarian government and the “European” discourse of the democratic opposition. But the victory of Lukashenko in the 2010 presidential election poses a pertinent questions: how to define a socially relevant concept of national identity that can unify Belarusians. In this article will be investigated three types of Belatusian nationalisms - Nativist, Russophile, and Creole strands of nationalism. In this process we can understand the discursive strategy of Lukashenka’s policies and how he can be elected 4 times. After two decades of independence, and with a functioning stable state, Belarusians have come to the point where they need a shared, universally accepted, veritable and satisfying understanding of themselves as a nation, and a common vision of their goals and priorities of development. This article surveys the history of nationalist movements or projects for last two decades in the independent Belarus, especially Lukashenko’s state nationalism, which served as an efficient national ideology for most of Belarusian people and diagnoses the future development of his nationalistic strategy.
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Belarus, Nationalism, National Identity, Ethnic Identity, Civic Nationalism, State-building
