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The purpose of the study was to explore the effects of international telecollaboration activities on Korean middle school students’ communication skills and intercultural competence. The participants of the study were 50 students from middle schools in Seoul, Korea, who belonged to three different groups: a one-to-one matching virtual classroom group with American students (n=13), a two-to-one matching virtual classroom group with American students (n=20), and a one-to-one matching on-and-offline mixed group with Taiwanese students (n=17). The experiment was administered during one semester of the 2015 academic year. Major findings from the study were as follows: 1) With respect to developing English communicative competence, the virtual classroom-based telecollaboration activities proved to be more effective than the on-and-offline mixed activities on the one hand, and the one to one matching was more beneficial than the two-to-one matching on the other hand. 2) Whether the partner students were English native speakers or not proved to be one of the important factors which can affect the international communicative competence. 3) The virtual classroom-based telecollaboration exchange with one-to-one matching was the most positively perceived by the participants, whereas the one with two-to-one matching was the least positively evaluated. Based on the findings, some pedagogical implications were made for the successful implementation of international telecollaboration activities in Korean school settings.