초록 열기/닫기 버튼
본 연구에서는 한국에 진출한 다국적기업의 국내 자회사를 대상으로 현지국에서의 지식습득 수준을 결정하는 요인들을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과에서 자회사의 흡수능력, 경험의 다양성, 현지 네트워크 배태성은 지식습득에 긍정적인 영향을미쳤지만, 자회사의 사업기간으로 측정한 경험은 유의적 영향이 없었다. 또한, 자회사가 현지화 전략을 추구할수록, 자회사에게 신제품 개발/도입, 마케팅, 인사정책 등에서 높은 경영자율권이 부여될수록, 그리고 자회사의 경영성과 평가에 있어서 지식습득을 강조하는 기준이 적용될수록 자회사의 현지 지식습득 정도는 증가하는 경향이 발견되었다. 전체적으로이러한 결과들은 해외자회사의 현지국에서의 지식습득이 자회사 자체의 학습역량과 유용한 학습기회에 대한 노출에 의하여 촉진될 뿐만 아니라, 또한 자회사 차원의 경쟁전략, 그리고 자회사에 대한 모회사의 관리방식 등에 의해서도 영향을받는다는 것을 시사한다.
In this study, we developed an integrative framework in which the ability of a subsidiary to acquire local knowledge in the host country is hypothesized to be dependent on three conditions: (i) the subsidiary learning capabilities, (ii) external learning opportunities, and (iii) the subsidiary management styles. In an empirical test of this framework, we found that because of the dependence of a subsidiary on the parent company, the learning outcome is influenced not only by the factors related to the subsidiary itself, but also by the factors related to the parent-subsidiary relationship. More specially, consistent with the organizational learning literature, our analysis revealed that absorptive capacity plays an important role in helping a subsidiary acquire knowledge from its host environment. In addition, while time-based experience does not have a significant effect on knowledge acquisition in the results, the diversity of experience is positively associated with it. This difference indicates that diversity in experience facilitates organizational learning more than does the experience that is gained simply through a passage of the time. The results also revealed that the network embeddedness of a subsidiary within the host market increases the amount of local knowledge the subsidiary acquires. Thus, it seems that embedded network relationships can provide a subsidiary with an important channel for accessing fine-grained information and valuable knowledge in the host country. Besides, our analysis discovered the positive impact of localization strategy on knowledge acquisition. This finding suggests that, if the parent company integrates subsidiaries into its system too tightly without allowing them to localize their products and services in the foreign market, their ability to absorb local knowledge can be weakened. The results also showed that management autonomy given to a subsidiary tends to promote knowledge acquisition from the local environment. We observed that such positive effects become prominent, especially when the parent relaxes its control over the subsidiary in the areas such as new product development/launch, marketing, and human resource management. Lastly, it is found that subsidiary performance appraisal system stressing the development of new knowledge has a positive effect on knowledge acquisition. This finding suggests that the parent company should develop a knowledge-related incentive mechanism in order to encourage subsidiaries to acquire knowledge, innovate, build subsidiary-specific advantages in foreign markets.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
global learning, foreign subsidiary, knowledge acquisition, international experience, network embeddedness
