최근 중국의 급격한 성장으로 인한 물동량 증가로 해운산업은 놀랄만한 성장을 하였다. 우리나라 해운산업의 초기에, 해상운송은 주로 해운회사가 소유한 선박으로 화물을 운송하였으나, 최근에는 용선선박이 소유선박보다 규모가 더 크거나, 심지어 소유선박 없이 용선선박만으로 운항하는 해운회사도 등장하였다. 이런 현 해운시장에서 용선에 대한 법적분쟁이 증가하고 있어, 용선 및 재용선에 대한 법적 연구 및 검토를 하고자 한다. 재용선의 계약조건은, 대부분의 경우, 주용선계약에서 용선료 또는 운임을 제외하고 동일하거나 법적으로 크게 문제가 되지 않을 정도의 사소한 부분만이 수정된다. 따라서, 용선자는 선박소유자에게 지급할 용선료 또는 운임과 자기가 재용선계약에 의하여 취득할 용선료 또는 운임과의 차액의 이득 또는 손해에만 이해관계를 가지게 된다. 최근에는 용선시장에 운임선도거래(freight forward agreement)가 성행함에 따라, 상대적으로 용선료 또는 운임의 차액에 대한 거래인 재용선계약이 더욱 빈번하게 체결되고 있다. 선박소유자가 소유한 선박이 용선된 후에 용선자가 본 선박을 재용선하여 운송 중 화물이 손상되었거나 사고가 발생하였을 경우, 피해자는 선박소유자와 용선자 중 누구에게 손해배상청구를 할 것이냐의 문제가 발생한다. 본 사건에서는 선박이 나용선과 항해용선의 형태로 여러번 순차적으로 재용선되었는데, 운송 중 발생한 화물의 손상에 대하여 선박소유자, 나용선자 및 항해용선자 중 어느 운송인이 운송 중 발생한 화물의 손상에 대하여 책임이 있는가에 대하여 검토한다. 본 연구는 본 판례의 검토․분석을 바탕으로 재용선계약에서 분쟁이 발생하였을 때, 해운업계 실무자가 법률적으로 대처할 수 있도록 교육적인 자료를 제공하였다는 데 의의를 둘 수 있다.

Recently, there have been noticeable developments in the shipping industry due to the rapid growth in volumes of cargoes by the sudden growth of the People's Republic of China. There is a growing tendency for the disputes on the charter party in subletting the vessel to be on the increase with the expansion of the chartering activity. The terms and conditions of sub charter party is, in most cases, the same or with minor alterations except hire or freight as head charter party to the extent to be no problem legally. Accordingly, the Charterers have an interest only in the difference of profit or loss between head charter party and sub charter party. Nowadays, sub charter parties, contracts concerning the difference of profit or loss, have been made more frequently, especially because FFA (freight forward agreement) is more prevalent than ever. It is not so easy to decide the responsible party between the shipowners and the charterers in case the damage to the cargo or the accident happens during the transportation. This study is focused to analyze on the responsible party among shipowners, bareboat charterers and voyage charterers over the damage to the cargo occurred during the transportation in case the vessel is sublet several times. This study may be considered as significant in that by reviewing and analyzing this judicial case, it will contribute to provide the materials for people in shipping business for their educational purpose.

Recently, there have been noticeable developments in the shipping industry due to the rapid growth in volumes of cargoes by the sudden growth of the People's Republic of China. There is a growing tendency for the disputes on the charter party in subletting the vessel to be on the increase with the expansion of the chartering activity. The terms and conditions of sub charter party is, in most cases, the same or with minor alterations except hire or freight as head charter party to the extent to be no problem legally. Accordingly, the Charterers have an interest only in the difference of profit or loss between head charter party and sub charter party. Nowadays, sub charter parties, contracts concerning the difference of profit or loss, have been made more frequently, especially because FFA (freight forward agreement) is more prevalent than ever. It is not so easy to decide the responsible party between the shipowners and the charterers in case the damage to the cargo or the accident happens during the transportation. This study is focused to analyze on the responsible party among shipowners, bareboat charterers and voyage charterers over the damage to the cargo occurred during the transportation in case the vessel is sublet several times. This study may be considered as significant in that by reviewing and analyzing this judicial case, it will contribute to provide the materials for people in shipping business for their educational purpose.

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shipowners, disponent owners, voyage charterers, time charterers, bareboat charterers, charter party, sub charter party