이 논문은 가사노동의 분담 속에 내재되어 있는 계급간의 격차를 분석하는데 초점을 두고 있다. 2003년 3월부터 4월 사이에 1200명을 대상으로 조사된 자료를 통해서 중간계급 가족과 노동자계급 가족의 가사노동시간과 시간에 대한 주관적인 인식에 대해서 살펴보았다. 남성과 여성간의 성역할분담과 시간사용방식을 설명하는데 크게 두 가지 입장이 존재하는데, 자원이론적 관점에서는 개인에게 초점을 두고 합리적인 과정을 통해서 남성이 임금노동과 여성이 가사노동을 전담하는 방식으로 성역할분담이 결정된다고 본다. 반면에 성역할이데올로기로기적 관점에서는 특정한 성이 수행하는 역할을 이데올로기적으로 고정되어 있는 것으로 본다. 두 가지 입장 모두 가족이라는 사적인 영역에서 발생하는 계급 간 격차를 설명하지 못하고 여성의 계급적 경험을 적절히 설명하지 못한다는 점에서는 공통의 한계를 지닌다. 이번 연구에서는 노동시간, 가사노동시간, 자유시간으로 시간을 세 가지로 구분한 뒤 계급 간 및 계급 내에서의 남성과 여성의 차이를 비교하였다. 조사결과 노동자계급의 여성이 중간계급 여성에 비해서 가사노동을 많이 전담하고 있었으며, 보살핌 노동을 중심으로 중간계급 남성의 참여율이 증대되고 있음이 발견되었다. 그러나 시간의 결핍감은 노동자계급 여성에 비해서 중간계급 여성이 더 느끼고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 이번 조사결과는 계급간의 성별격차를 분석하기 위해서는 객관적인 시간사용량과 주관적인 시간에 대한 인식의 결과가 모두 포함되어야 한다는 사실을 보여주고 있다.

This article focus on the gap of class embedded in gendered division of labor. Based on the survey data collected from March to April in 2003(n=1,200), I examine differences of investments in household labor time and perception of time between middle class and working class family. There are two explanations of time use pattern and gendered division of labor between men and women. The relative resources explanation focus on the individual as subject and division of labor which men specialize in paid work and women in unpaid work is determined by a rational process. While ideology/sex role explanations conceptualize gender as static and sex role are determined by ideology. Both ideology/sex role explanations have common limitation in explanation of class gap in private sphere and are unable to adequately explain the way women experience class. In this study, I categorize time into three exhaustive and mutually exclusive categories as labor time, household labor time, and free time and compare women's difference between and within class. The result present that the greate portion of household chores such as cooking which has been women's duty are still conducted by women. And working class women spent more time in household labor than middle class women. In comparison to labour class, middle class men increasingly share in household chores as house cleansing, doing laundry with women. But the gender gap in the paucity of time is estimated to be much larger for the middle class women than for working class women. Therefore Findings of this study suggest that in order to analysis genderd time between class, both objective quantity of time consumption and subjective perception of time are included.

This article focus on the gap of class embedded in gendered division of labor. Based on the survey data collected from March to April in 2003(n=1,200), I examine differences of investments in household labor time and perception of time between middle class and working class family. There are two explanations of time use pattern and gendered division of labor between men and women. The relative resources explanation focus on the individual as subject and division of labor which men specialize in paid work and women in unpaid work is determined by a rational process. While ideology/sex role explanations conceptualize gender as static and sex role are determined by ideology. Both ideology/sex role explanations have common limitation in explanation of class gap in private sphere and are unable to adequately explain the way women experience class. In this study, I categorize time into three exhaustive and mutually exclusive categories as labor time, household labor time, and free time and compare women's difference between and within class. The result present that the greate portion of household chores such as cooking which has been women's duty are still conducted by women. And working class women spent more time in household labor than middle class women. In comparison to labour class, middle class men increasingly share in household chores as house cleansing, doing laundry with women. But the gender gap in the paucity of time is estimated to be much larger for the middle class women than for working class women. Therefore Findings of this study suggest that in order to analysis genderd time between class, both objective quantity of time consumption and subjective perception of time are included.

ideology/sex role explanations, relative resources explanation, gender division of labor, perception of time