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The study about the relationship between Korean and Jananese has been done from the early times. Korean shows many similarities with Altaic Languages and Japanese, and an assumption was made that they would be genetically related and many efforts was made to verify this assumption. However there are many similarities between them, it has been very difficult to explain the facts successfully. This study attempts a new approach about the relationship between Korean and Japanese to propose other possibilitities which start without any assumption. This work is for the data to this new approach without any prejudice which was done in the past study, as it were, the relationship is genetical or borrowed. This study concerns about the diachronic changes between two languages and explains the similarities between them, especially in syntactic change. This study shows four items to propose new data. 1) In the comparison of lexical meaning of two verbs `kelta-kakeru` This comparison was made in the concern about the same associate meanings in two words rather than phonetic correspondence. Two verbs are similar in meaning area and in use. This similarity could be considered in diachronic point because the lexical meaning is enlarged from the primary meaning through the times. 2) In the mechanism of the change from verb to auxiliary verb : This shows that two languages experiences same grammaticalization. Grammaticalization is the process of change from a concrete word to an abstract word. It is very interesting to show same process from same meaning in same verb to same use in same auxiliary. 3) In the subjective construction NP-embedded sentence with possessive case : Modern Korean does not show possessive case in this construction, but Middle Korean shows many examples for this like Japanese. This can be considered as an aspect of syntactic change occurred in Korean. Japanese shows subjective case in this construction too like Korean, even though it is rare. 4) In the use of the conjunctive case for the last noun in conjunctive noun phrase : It is different from Japanese that in Modern Korean the conjunctive case is not required for the last conjunctive noun. But in Middle Korean there are many last nous which have conjunctive case. In Modern Japanese there is a tendency that last noun is used without conjunctive case in spoken language. It could be said that two languages experience same syntactic change.
