프로야구는 대중들에게 많은 관심과 사랑을 받고 있는 스포츠임에 틀림없다. 특히 프로 야구 시즌이 시작되면 프로야구장은 만원 사태를 이루게 마련이다. 이렇게 시민들이 많이 찾는 프로야구장 시설물의 안전은 어떠한가? 야구장내의 좁은 통로는 관중들이 많이 몰렸을 경우 압사등과 같은 안전사고가 발생할 수 있는 여지가 있고 대부분이 건설되어진지 수 십 년이 지났지만 지방자치단체의 자체 안전진단만이 이루어지고 있는 실정이다. 이런 부실한 안전관리는 국민의 생명과 신체의 안전을 위협할 수 있다. 그러므로 노후화 된 프로야구장 시설물의 붕괴 리스크 또는 위험으로부터 국민의 생명과 신체 등의 안전성 확보를 위해서 법이론 및 법제도가 정립되어야 할 것이다. 그러기 위해서 「헌법」상 국가의 안전보호의무 이론을 체계화하여야 한다. 즉 「헌법」을 정점으로 위험과 관련된 (安全)行政法 分野, 즉 「건축법」, 「국토계획 및 이용에 관한 법률」, 「소방시설설치유지 및 안전관리에 관한 법률」, 「시설물 안전관리에 관한 특별법」이 放射되고, 이러한 헌법의 구체화법률인 (安全)行政法을 통하여 국민의 생명과 신체 등의 安全保護義務가 實現 된다고 하겠다. 그 예로 노후화 된 프로야구장 시설물의 붕괴 리스크 또는 위험으로부터 國民의 生命과 身體 등의 安全保護義務를 事前에 防止하기 위한 法律로, 「建築法」에 건축허가, 건축신고, 구조안전, 방화요건, 피난요건, 기타 위험방지요건, 건축물의 사용승인제도 등의 안전관리제도를 규정하고 있다. 또한 「국토계획 및 이용에 관한 법률」상 개발행위허가, 건축허가요건으로서 용도제한과 형태제한요건으로 국민의 생명과 신체 등의 안전을 확보하고 있다. 또한 「소방시설설치유지 및 안전관리에 관한 법률」에 소방검사, 건축허가 동의, 화재와 관련된 규정을 입법화 하고 있다. 그리고 이미 건설된 프로야구장 시설물에 대해서는 事後的으로 국민의 생명과 신체 등의 安全을 確保하기 위한 法律로 「시설물 안전관리에 관한 특별법」을 통해서 안전관리를 하게 된다. 따라서 동법률에 의해 통제받게 되는 프로야구장과 같은 시설물은 제2종 시설물에 해당되어 “정밀안전진단”을 받을 수 가 없고, 동법 시행령 제2조제1항[별표]에 “5천 제곱미터 이상”의 “문화 집회시설”에 해당되어 6개월∼3년에 한번 지방자치단체가 안전점검 및 보수공사를 하도록 규정하고 있다. 그러므로 동법 시행령 제2조제1항[별표]상의 제1종 건축물로 “5만 제곱미터”인 건축물에 한해서 “정밀안전진단”을 받도록 정하고 있는 규정을 개정하거나 또는 예외적으로 노후화된 프로야구장의 경우에는 “정밀안전진단”을 받을 수 있도록 의무화하는 입법(안)이 강구되어야 한다. 즉 「시설물 안전관리에 관한 특별법」을 통한 법개정이 이루어져야만 노후화된 프로야구장 시설물의 리스크 또는 위험으로부터 국민의 생명과 신체 등의 안전 확보가 실현된다고 하겠다.

Professional baseball must be the popular sport which is loved by the public. It is natural for a crowd to fill ball parks after baseball season starts. If so, how about the safety of professional baseball Park that can accommodate many people? Accidents such as death from pressure can happen at narrow paths in a ball park and self safety diagnosis under a local autonomous entity has been conducted though many years have passed since most of the professional baseball parks were built. This unreliable safety supervision can threaten the lives and bodies of people. So the legal theory and the legal system should be prescribed to guarantee safety of the lives and bodies of people from risk or danger which can be caused by old ramshackle professional baseball parks. And to do that, the national safety protection obligation theory of the constitution should be systematized. Building Act, National Land Planning and Utilization Act, Installation Maintenance and Safety Control of Fire-Fighting Systems Act, Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures that belong to a field of the safety administrative law related to risk on the basis of the constitution should be radiated and then through the safety administrative law, the national safety protection obligation can be realized. For example, Building Act as a law to prevent in advance risk or danger of the lives and bodies of people caused by old ramshackle professional baseball parks provides safety supervision system such as construction permission, construction report, structure safety, fire prevention requisites, evacuation requisites, the others risk prevention requisites, building use recognition system. Both permission of development act in National Land Planning and Utilization Act and restriction of the purpose of use and form restriction requisites which belong to construction permission requisites can guarantee safety of the lives and bodies of people. Installation Maintenance and Safety Control of Fire-Fighting Systems Act legislates prescriptions related to fire inspection, consent of construction permission and fire. And in case of the existing professional baseball parks, safety supervision can be achieved through Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures. Therefore professional baseball parks cannot get close safety diagnosis because facilities like professional baseball parks under Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures conform to class 2 facility. They come under culture and assembly facilities more than 5,000㎡ by the same law Enforcement Decree Article 2 Clause 1 annex list, so safety diagnosis and repair works are provided to be done once a 6 months through 3 years. Accordingly, the provision that class 1 facilities which is 50,000㎡ can get close safety diagnosis under the same law Enforcement Decree Article 2 Clause 1 annex list should be revised or exceptionally the provision that outworn facilities like old ramshackle professional baseball parks can get the close safety diagnosis should be legislated. So revision of the law through Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures realize to guarantee safety of the lives and bodies of people from risk or danger caused by old ramshackle professional baseball parks.

Professional baseball must be the popular sport which is loved by the public. It is natural for a crowd to fill ball parks after baseball season starts. If so, how about the safety of professional baseball Park that can accommodate many people? Accidents such as death from pressure can happen at narrow paths in a ball park and self safety diagnosis under a local autonomous entity has been conducted though many years have passed since most of the professional baseball parks were built. This unreliable safety supervision can threaten the lives and bodies of people. So the legal theory and the legal system should be prescribed to guarantee safety of the lives and bodies of people from risk or danger which can be caused by old ramshackle professional baseball parks. And to do that, the national safety protection obligation theory of the constitution should be systematized. Building Act, National Land Planning and Utilization Act, Installation Maintenance and Safety Control of Fire-Fighting Systems Act, Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures that belong to a field of the safety administrative law related to risk on the basis of the constitution should be radiated and then through the safety administrative law, the national safety protection obligation can be realized. For example, Building Act as a law to prevent in advance risk or danger of the lives and bodies of people caused by old ramshackle professional baseball parks provides safety supervision system such as construction permission, construction report, structure safety, fire prevention requisites, evacuation requisites, the others risk prevention requisites, building use recognition system. Both permission of development act in National Land Planning and Utilization Act and restriction of the purpose of use and form restriction requisites which belong to construction permission requisites can guarantee safety of the lives and bodies of people. Installation Maintenance and Safety Control of Fire-Fighting Systems Act legislates prescriptions related to fire inspection, consent of construction permission and fire. And in case of the existing professional baseball parks, safety supervision can be achieved through Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures. Therefore professional baseball parks cannot get close safety diagnosis because facilities like professional baseball parks under Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures conform to class 2 facility. They come under culture and assembly facilities more than 5,000㎡ by the same law Enforcement Decree Article 2 Clause 1 annex list, so safety diagnosis and repair works are provided to be done once a 6 months through 3 years. Accordingly, the provision that class 1 facilities which is 50,000㎡ can get close safety diagnosis under the same law Enforcement Decree Article 2 Clause 1 annex list should be revised or exceptionally the provision that outworn facilities like old ramshackle professional baseball parks can get the close safety diagnosis should be legislated. So revision of the law through Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures realize to guarantee safety of the lives and bodies of people from risk or danger caused by old ramshackle professional baseball parks.