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George Buchanan was a famous humanist and founding father of Presbyterianism in Scotland. He organized his thought by learning, teaching and mutual exchange with scholars in Scotland and the Continent. And he expressed his thought by De Jure Regni Apud Scotos and Regum Scoticarum Historia. He asserted that kings took their authority from the people and could be lawfully deposed. De Jure Regni Apud Scotos, in particular, promulgated the Presbyterian view that God had vested power in the people who could resist and depose the monarch if he ruled tyrannically or failed to promote the ‘true’ religion. And Buchanan was a tutor of James Ⅵ in Scotland. He instilled in James learning that surpassed that of any other monarch in Europe. But he was far from thinking that mere learning was a sufficient qualification for a good ruler. He tried to impress his ideal to James. From James’ point of view, Buchanan’s theory was a formula for civil war and chaos of a kind from which scotland, under his leadership, was just emerging. For the royal authority and safety, James accepted the divine right of kings.
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George Buchanan, Calvinism, Presbyterianism, The Two Kingdom Theory, Monarchomach Movement, James Ⅵ, Absolutism, The Divine Right of Kings
