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백제 무왕에게는 『삼국유사』에 보이는 선화공주와 <금제사리봉안기>에 보이는 사탁씨 왕후 등 2인 이상의 부인이 있었던 것이 확인된다. 그러나 의자왕의 生母는 선화공주도 아니고 사탁씨 왕후도 아닌, 실명을 알 수 없는 제3의 인물이었다. 의자왕은 무왕이 즉위하기 전에 태어났는데, 무왕이 즉위 전에 마를 팔아 생계를 이을 정도로 빈한했으므로, 의자왕 생모 가계의 위상도 높지 않았을 것으로 여겨진다. 이같은 의자왕 모계의 결함은 의자왕의 즉위과정에 큰 난관으로 작용했다. 무왕은 의자를 후계자로 삼고자 여러 명의 부인을 맞게 한 후, 태자로 삼아 內政과 외교를 담당하게 하였다. 그러나 무왕의 正妃인 사탁씨 왕후는 이를 미덥지 않게 생각했고, <사리봉안기>에 자신의 명의로 “만민을 어루만져 기르신다”고 표명하는 등 정치적 입장을 드러냈다. 이에 의자는 왕위에 오를 때까지 ‘사친이효’하는 자세로 일관하였던 것이다.
It was found that King Mu of Baekje had wives more than 2 persons including princess Seonhwa appeared from 『The Heritage of the Three States』and queen Satak appeared from <Sarira casket>. However, King Euija’s biological mother was neither princess Seonhwa nor queen Satak, and she was the third woman whose real name was not known. King Euija was born before King Mu came to the throne, and it was regarded as the family of King Euija’s biological mother did not build a reputation because King Mu lived in dire poverty before he came to the throne as much as he earned a living by selling Chinese yam. King Euija’s maternal defects as the above led him to meet with a great difficulty in his enthronement. In order for King Mu to designate Euija as his successor, King Mu made Euija marry many women and let him take charge of domestic affairs and diplomacy by designating him as crown prince. But, queen Sataek who was King Mu’s legal wife did not trust King Mu’s such behaviors, and she indicated political stance by expressing “All people should be cared” in her name from <Sarira casket>. Accordingly, Euija had maintained the attitude of ‘Sa-chin-i-hyo(Treat one's parents with respect and devotion)’ until he came to the throne.
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King Mu of Baekje, Princess Seonhwa, Queen Satak, Sarira casket
