본고는 지금까지 막연히 교류라는 포괄적인 개념 속에서 취급되어 온 한반도 남해안과 일본 구주 지역간의 상호관계를 물자유통과 교역(교환)이라는 측면에서 검토하여 고찰한 것이다. 한일 양 지역에서 출토되는 교류문물의 분포양상을 통해 볼 때 교류의 주체는 해안 지대에 거주하는 어민으로 추정되며, 양 지역의 교류는 즐문토기문화 조기에서 전기에 걸쳐 집중적으로 이루어지면서 후만기까지 지속적으로 전개되었다고 할 수 있다. 장기간에 걸쳐 지속된 교류활동은 공통적인 생업 환경 속에서 이루어진 구조적인 접촉으로 상호 생업 정보를 주고받는 가운데 자연스럽게 형성되었던 것으로 보여지며, 이러한 분위기 속에서 상호 물자교류라는 원시적인 교역시스템이 형성되었던 것으로 추정된다.구주산 흑요석은 越高 유적을 대표로 하는 즐문토기계 집단에 의해 남해안의 거점집단에 공급되고, 거점집단을 통해 다시 재지의 여러 집단으로 유통되었을 것으로 생각된다. 남해안 지역에 반입된 흑요석은 동삼동, 연대도 패총의 예에서 보는 바와 같이 대부분 원석 상태로 유입되어 재지에서 필요한 물품으로 가공되었고, 반입된 흑요석에 대응하는 남해안의 특정 물품 즉 패천이나 고라니제 수식, 결합식 조침 같은 어로구가 교역품으로 대마도나 구주 지역에 전달되었다. 특히 동삼동 패총에서 대량으로 생산된 패천은 흑요석의 주요 교역 물품으로 이용되었을 것으로 추정된다.

This article aims to examine the relationship between the southern coast of Korea and the Kyushu region of Japan, which until now has been approached in terms of general 'exchange relations', by focusing specifically on the issue of trade between the two regions and the distribution of exchanged goods. Based on the distribution of exchanged goods in both regions, it is presumed that the main body of trade would have been undertaken by fishing communities residing along the coastal areas. Such exchange was observed intensively for the Incipient and Early Neolithic Period in Korea, and continued up until the end of the Neolithic period. It may be possible that these exchange activities, which continued for a long period of time, were naturally structured by a common subsistence environment in which fishing communities maintained mutual relations of information exchange. Thus, it could have been against this backdrop that primitive trade systems emerged. In the case of the Kyushu obsidian found in both regions, it may be suggested that it was distributed by a Chulmun pottery group, represented by the Koshidake site, to a key group which had a stronghold on the southern coast of Korea. The obsidian was then distributed by this group to several other groups in the peninsula. As examples found at the Dongsamdong shell midden and the Youndaedo shell midden indicate, most of the Kyushu obsidian was imported as raw material, which was later used to manufacture specific items that were required by the communities along the southern coast. In return, items characteristic to the southern coast of the Korean peninsula, such as shell bracelets and necklaces, and fishing hooks and fishing tools, were exported to Tsushima and the Kyushu region. In particular, it is suggested that the shell bracelets found in large quantities at the Dongsamdong shell midden may have been a key item that was traded for the Kyushu obsidian.

This article aims to examine the relationship between the southern coast of Korea and the Kyushu region of Japan, which until now has been approached in terms of general 'exchange relations', by focusing specifically on the issue of trade between the two regions and the distribution of exchanged goods. Based on the distribution of exchanged goods in both regions, it is presumed that the main body of trade would have been undertaken by fishing communities residing along the coastal areas. Such exchange was observed intensively for the Incipient and Early Neolithic Period in Korea, and continued up until the end of the Neolithic period. It may be possible that these exchange activities, which continued for a long period of time, were naturally structured by a common subsistence environment in which fishing communities maintained mutual relations of information exchange. Thus, it could have been against this backdrop that primitive trade systems emerged. In the case of the Kyushu obsidian found in both regions, it may be suggested that it was distributed by a Chulmun pottery group, represented by the Koshidake site, to a key group which had a stronghold on the southern coast of Korea. The obsidian was then distributed by this group to several other groups in the peninsula. As examples found at the Dongsamdong shell midden and the Youndaedo shell midden indicate, most of the Kyushu obsidian was imported as raw material, which was later used to manufacture specific items that were required by the communities along the southern coast. In return, items characteristic to the southern coast of the Korean peninsula, such as shell bracelets and necklaces, and fishing hooks and fishing tools, were exported to Tsushima and the Kyushu region. In particular, it is suggested that the shell bracelets found in large quantities at the Dongsamdong shell midden may have been a key item that was traded for the Kyushu obsidian.

Exchange relations, obsidian, Jomon artifacts, Chulmun artefacts, shell bracelets