중국은 개혁개방정책이후 매우 빠른 속도로 경제적인 발전을 계속하고 있다. 그러나 경제적으로 발전한 지역은 동부연안 지방과 대도시를 중심으로 한 편향된 경제발전이라는 점은 부인 할 수 없는 사실이다. 따라서 경제적인 발전에서 제외된 농촌지역의 불만은 당연한 것으로 도시와 농촌간의 갈등은 필연적이라고 볼 수 있다. 특히 1990년이후의 도농간의 갈등, 동서부간의 갈등은 그 정도가 점점 심각한 수준까지 도래되어 이러한 문제를 해결하지 않고서는 중국의 전면적인 발전을 기대할 수 없다. 중국지도부를 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 소위 삼농문제라고 불리는 농촌문제, 농업문제 및 농민문제를 해결하여야 한다는 것을 인식하여 삼농문제를 해결하기 위한 대책을 강구하고 있다. 본 논문은 중국의 경제발전의 현안이 되고있는 삼농문제의 원인은 무엇이며 이에 대한 중국의 대책은 무엇인가를 분석하고자 한다.

Since adopting open-door and reform policy, China has sustained economic growth at a very rapid rate. However, it is an undeniable fact that such development has concentrated in the east coast areas and big cities. Thus, there is a natural dissatisfaction from the rural areas that are excluded from such development, thereby causing conflict to arise between cities and country sides. Conflicts between urban and rural areas, as well as regions, have reached a serious level in the 1990s, becoming one of the major challenges that must be overcome if the economic development were to continue. Chinese leadership has now realized the so-called "Three agricultural problems," namely rural problem, agricultural problem and farmers problem, and is in search to solve these problems. This paper, therefore, attempts to analyze the causes for these three agricultural problems, and seeks China's possible solutions.

Since adopting open-door and reform policy, China has sustained economic growth at a very rapid rate. However, it is an undeniable fact that such development has concentrated in the east coast areas and big cities. Thus, there is a natural dissatisfaction from the rural areas that are excluded from such development, thereby causing conflict to arise between cities and country sides. Conflicts between urban and rural areas, as well as regions, have reached a serious level in the 1990s, becoming one of the major challenges that must be overcome if the economic development were to continue. Chinese leadership has now realized the so-called "Three agricultural problems," namely rural problem, agricultural problem and farmers problem, and is in search to solve these problems. This paper, therefore, attempts to analyze the causes for these three agricultural problems, and seeks China's possible solutions.

Three agricultural problems, Plan of Western Region Grand Development, Chinese farmers, Chinese agriculture, Chinese agriculture Village.