본 연구는 한국 고졸 청년층의 직업성취를 사회자본론에 기초한 사회 연결망의 유용성을 중심으로 분석하였다. 특히 개인적 연결망과 제도적 연결망의 효과에 관한 비교분석을 통해 사회자본과 직업성취 간의 관계에 대한 대안적 분석틀을 구축하는데 강조점을 두었다. 분석결과, 고졸 청년층은 친구 또는 선후배, 부모 또는 친척처럼 개인적 연결망을 다른 구직방법에 비해 많이 활용하고 있다. 하지만 본 연구에서 학교로부터 직업세계로의 이행에 영향을 미치는 사회 연결망의 각 유형에 따른 효과를 비교 검토한 결과, 가장 효과적인 중요한 구직방법은 개인적 연결망이나 다른 구직방법이 아니라 제도적 연결망임이 발견되었다. 따라서 학교추천과 같은 제도적 연결망 변수는 학교로부터 직업세계로의 이행에 가장 강력한 자원이며, 다른 개인 변수와 노동시장 변수를 통제한 후에도 직업성취에 실질적인 효과를 갖는다는 점을 확신하였다. 결과적으론 학교와 기업간의 긴밀한 연계를 통해 제도적 연결망을 구축하고 강화함으로써 고졸 청년층에게 구직방법과 직업성취를 위한 더욱 풍부한 기회를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대하였다.

This study is intended to analyze the factors that have an effect on occupational achievement of Korean high school graduate youths, especially focusing on the utility of social network from the perspectives of social capital theory. It laid great emphasis on the construction of an alternative analytical framework for the relation between social capital and occupational achievement using comparative analysis of the effects of the personal network and institutional network. The results are as follows: High school graduate youths have been getting jobs through the personal networks, such as friends, seniors, juniors, parents, and relatives. Personal networks led to much higher School-to-Work Transition than any other way of seeking work. However, when I finished analyzing how each type of network affects the Transition from School-to-Work, I found that the most important way of seeking work in the aspect of effectiveness is not the personal network nor any other ways but the institutional network. Therefore, I conclude that the institutional network variables, such as school recommendations, is the most powerful resource for School-to-Work Transition. Institutional network variables have a substantial effect on occupational achievement even with the other individual variables and the labor market variables under control. In conclusion, it can be expected that a lot of job opportunities and occupational achievement can be given to high school graduate youths by building up and strengthening the institutional network through making close connection between schools and companies.

This study is intended to analyze the factors that have an effect on occupational achievement of Korean high school graduate youths, especially focusing on the utility of social network from the perspectives of social capital theory. It laid great emphasis on the construction of an alternative analytical framework for the relation between social capital and occupational achievement using comparative analysis of the effects of the personal network and institutional network. The results are as follows: High school graduate youths have been getting jobs through the personal networks, such as friends, seniors, juniors, parents, and relatives. Personal networks led to much higher School-to-Work Transition than any other way of seeking work. However, when I finished analyzing how each type of network affects the Transition from School-to-Work, I found that the most important way of seeking work in the aspect of effectiveness is not the personal network nor any other ways but the institutional network. Therefore, I conclude that the institutional network variables, such as school recommendations, is the most powerful resource for School-to-Work Transition. Institutional network variables have a substantial effect on occupational achievement even with the other individual variables and the labor market variables under control. In conclusion, it can be expected that a lot of job opportunities and occupational achievement can be given to high school graduate youths by building up and strengthening the institutional network through making close connection between schools and companies.

social capital, social network, personal network, institutional network, occupational achievement