초록 열기/닫기 버튼
The purpose of this study is to examine how the immortality thought, one of original forms of Korean religious cultures, has changed in modern Korea. Immortality, which has traditionally been desired in Northeast Asia, used to be a character with a focus on the characteristic of Chang-Saeng Pul-Sa(長生不死). The ways to become immortal include Oe-Dan(外丹), which focuses on the use of Geum-Dan(金丹), and Nae-Dan(內丹), which pursues the unity with Won-Gi(元氣), and regularly performed good deeds and charity were additionally discussed in Gweon-Seon-Seo(勸善書) faith, Gong-Gwa Gyeok(功過格), etc. Generally, Oe-Dan with other-power characteristic and Nae-Dan with self-power characteristic were focused on Chinese Tao-ism. Only Nae-Dan was focused on in Korean Sun-ism. This traditional concept of immortality was isolated from this world as it was eremitically oriented and transcendental. During the 19-20th century, new immortality thought appeared in Korea called earthly immortality thought that is different from traditional immortality thought. This one concentrates on collective training and enlightenment that anyone can achieve immortality if they try. The term of earthly immortality was firstly used by Choe Suwoon(崔水雲), although Kang Jeungsan(姜甑山) gave the religiously significant to the word. Earthly immortality that Suwoon used to teach did not focus on Taoist magical skills, but the human image that Jeungsan used to teach was something with extensive knowledge and almighty supernatural power, as well as it achieves moral perfection and shares Fulushou and eternal youth with families and ancestors. While he addressed that not only does it forms Sang-Tong-Cheon-Moon (上通天文) and Ha-Dal-Ji-ri(下達地理), but it also forms Jung-Chal-In-Sa (中察人事), he clearly pointed out that it is a human image beyond traditional immortality. This being is called Eu-Tong(醫統) that appears as a savior and as a leader of people who will suffer from mysterious diseases, and Jeungsan called this personality Do-Tong-Gun-Ja(道通君子) or Hyeol-Sik-Cheon-Chu-Do-Deok-Gun-Ja(血食千秋道德君子). Jeongsan(鼎山) who received revelation of the orthodox heritage from Jeungsan named this personality 'earthly immortality' and set it as a goal which is religiously pursued. If traditional immortality was supernatural, eremitic, and individual, earthly immortality is extremely temporal and collective. The ways to become earthly immortal include ethics and morality that are based on hermit to guard against self-deception, cultivating heart-mind and disciplining natural tendency through the practice of resolution of grievances for the mutual beneficence of all life, and chanting mantras. This includes Nae-dan of self-power characteristic, and it also has other-power characteristic since it focuses on faith in Highest Ruling Entity. Therefore, earthly immortality is an existence that strongly addresses religiosity. Earthly immortality thought is a human character pursued by one religion, however, the way of spiritual discipline to become earthly immortal such as establishment of the right code of ethics and the practice of resolution of grievances for the mutual beneficence of all life is regarded as a necessary virtue in the modern society. There will be endless antagonism and conflicts resulting in a tragedy if people cannot be harmonized in this modern society where diversified races and cultures are mixed and exchanged. However, mutual beneficence of all life is expected to solve all of these problems as they practice morality, improve their bodies and souls, get rid of conflicts and grievances, and live for each other. In this regard, earthly immortal human character in the 21st century implies that it is a human character that people of our time should be aiming at beyond a religious aspect.
키워드열기/닫기 버튼
The Immortal, The Earthly Immortal, Daesoonjinrihoe, In-Jon(人尊), Harmonious union of divine gods and human beings, Do-Tong(Spiritual Insight:道通), Resolution of grievances for the mutual beneficence of all life.
