초록 열기/닫기 버튼

본고는 장편소설 『도시의 흉년』과 『휘청거리는 오후』에서 ‘주거공간 표상’을 분석하여 ‘공간과 주체와 권력’의 관계를 밝힘으로써 1970년대 한국 사회의 근대성에 대한 박완서의 문학적 인식을 구명하고자 하였다. 작가는 이 두 장편소설에서 자본화된 도시를 배경으로 주거공간’을 전경화(前景化)하였으며 그 가운데서도 ‘양옥집’을 핵심적인 주거공간 표상으로 부각하였다. 『휘청』과 『도시』에서 ‘양옥집’은 1970년대 산업화 시대 한국 사회의 파행적인 근대성을 ‘표상’한다. 가부장적 이데올로기와 자본주의적 이데올로기의 공모로 이루어진 ‘양옥집’의 규율은 구성원을 통제하는 인물들의 반복적인 발화라는 담론(언술행위)의 형태로 작동하면서 억압적인 질서를 유지한다. 여기에서 훈육된 주체는 현실에 대해 자의식을 가지지만 결국 자기보존 욕망을 따라가는 ‘냉소적 이성’이다. 냉소적 주체가 공간적 실천을 시도할 수 있는 것은 타자성에서 비롯된다. 『휘청거리는 오후』와 『도시의 흉년』의 자살과 귀향이라는 각각의 결말은 집의 비극적 해체와 낭만적 재구축이라는 양극단의 선택을 보여주는데 이는 ‘양옥집’ 표상을 부정하는 행위라는 데서 의미를 갖는다. 이 두 장편소설에서 박완서는 ‘양옥집’ 표상과 관련된 문학적 정치성을 통해 1970년대 한국사회의 파행적 근대성을 비판적으로 인식하였다.


This paper tries to look deep into the relations between space and subject and power by analyzing the representations of residential space in the Famine of City and the Staggering Afternoon. Park Wan-Suh emphasized a residential space and highlighted the 'Yang-ok(wester-style house)' as a key representation of residential space. 'Yang-ok' stands for Korean social desire and contradiction in 1970's industrialization era. The disciplines of 'Yang-ok' which were composed with the collusion between patriarchal system and capitalistic ideology preserve oppressive order through discourse. Here comes the cynical subjects who know their reality but follow the self-conservative desires. Especially the woman character can try the spacial shift by otherness. And suicide in the Staggering Afternoon and homecoming in the Famine of City respectively show the extreme deconstruction of residence and the romantic restructure. They are very important in that they mean the denial of 'Yang-ok'. It can not give characters a true feeling of place. This means the ‘placelessness’ of the narrative and the Park Wan-Suh's understanding of 1970s. (Key words:Park Wan-Suh, novels in 1970s, modernity, space, power, subject, urban life, residential space, representations of ‘Yang-ok


This paper tries to look deep into the relations between space and subject and power by analyzing the representations of residential space in the Famine of City and the Staggering Afternoon. Park Wan-Suh emphasized a residential space and highlighted the 'Yang-ok(wester-style house)' as a key representation of residential space. 'Yang-ok' stands for Korean social desire and contradiction in 1970's industrialization era. The disciplines of 'Yang-ok' which were composed with the collusion between patriarchal system and capitalistic ideology preserve oppressive order through discourse. Here comes the cynical subjects who know their reality but follow the self-conservative desires. Especially the woman character can try the spacial shift by otherness. And suicide in the Staggering Afternoon and homecoming in the Famine of City respectively show the extreme deconstruction of residence and the romantic restructure. They are very important in that they mean the denial of 'Yang-ok'. It can not give characters a true feeling of place. This means the ‘placelessness’ of the narrative and the Park Wan-Suh's understanding of 1970s. (Key words:Park Wan-Suh, novels in 1970s, modernity, space, power, subject, urban life, residential space, representations of ‘Yang-ok